In recent years, Brazilians, in general, have become more interested in financial education and investments. Data from B3 (Brasil Bolsa Balcão) show that, in November 2020, there were 3.17 million registered accounts – almost double compared to the previous year, when there were 1.6 million. The number of accounts registered with B3 (Brasil Bolsa Balcão) increased significantly in the last year, even with the crisis.
For public servants, saving has become even more necessary , given the approval of the pension reform and the proposal under discussion for administrative reform ( read more about administrative reform ), which calls into question, among other benefits, the stability of civil service public.
Therefore, if you, a public servant, haven't already had this habit, now is a good time to consider investing!
Changes in the way we invest and save
In the last 5 years, the Brazilian investment profile has shown significant changes. Alexandre Fontenelle, partner at Voga Invest, an affiliate of XP Investimentos in Brasília, explains that "it has always been very convenient for savers to put their money in a fixed income fund, which would pay 100% of the CDI and have an average return of 1 or 1, 2% per month, risk-free and with plenty of liquidity.”
However, nowadays this scenario has completely changed and investment in fixed income funds yields, on average, just 0.25% per month .
In this context, those who have the habit of saving begin to look for different products: "today you see a large migration of investment from within banks to open investment platforms", says Alexandre.
Saving for retirement or to buy a property?
Clemilton Ataíde retired as a criminal expert from the Federal Police, after almost 30 years of service. He states that, together with his wife, he has always had the habit of saving between 10 and 30% of each of their monthly income.
The couple's first objective was to buy a property. Today, with two apartments, the goals are different. According to him, 7 years ago they stopped saving to acquire and started saving and investing in order to guarantee a higher quality of life in old age - even though they retired with full and parity.
Alexandre Fontenelle explains that public servants tend to invest more, but generally with medium-term objectives. According to him, the first general objective of clients is to buy a property and, after paying off, "the tendency is for them to start building the investment pie and leave it to use as a form of retirement, seeking to have a source of income through of the interest that investments provide", he states.
However, the pension reform directly influences this behavior.
Pension reform and investments for public servants
The investment advisor explains that the previous generation of public servants was not interested in making such a large reserve to guarantee income after retirement.
However, after the approval of the reform in 2019, “high-ranking public servants, who earn 20 to 30 thousand reais per month, when they retire, will only receive the INSS ceiling – something around 5 to 6 thousand reais per month.” month", explains Alexandre.
Therefore, the Voga Invest partner's advice is that new entrants into the public service invest in a private pension and in an investment portfolio to maintain their consumption pattern after retirement. "I believe that this generation that will come will have a much greater awareness of investment than the older generation", comments Alexandre.
How much to invest monthly?
Experts recommend investing 10% to 30% of your income per month. "There is a calculation that shows that, if a person manages to save at least 10% of their salary for 40 years, they will probably be able to maintain the same standard of living after retirement ", explains Alexandre.
Luciano Alves, lawyer, businessman and investor in the capital market, also warns that "before taking the first step in this direction, it is essential that the would-be investor keeps his emergency reserve unchanged, which represents 20% to 30% of his equity liquid".
How to invest to have security?
When talking about putting together an investment portfolio, Alexandre explains that the first aspect to consider is the person's age. Above 50 years of age, the ideal is to opt for a more conservative portfolio, as this person "is no longer in the construction phase, but rather in the asset maintenance phase", he explains.
However, those who are starting their careers now in the public service still have time to invest and withstand market fluctuations. In this case, the expert says he would put together a bolder investment portfolio: with more shares, multimarket funds, investments abroad and private pensions investing at least 70% in shares.
Consider your investor profile
Luciano Alves warns about the need to map the investor profile. He explains that, for the conservative profile , investing in fixed income makes more sense. For those with a moderate profile , "investment funds that bring together resources from a group of investors are more attractive", according to Luciano. As for the more aggressive profile , "variable income – shares and real estate funds, for example – will be your 'golden window'", he highlights.
Furthermore, Luciano reinforces that the ideal is to set up a portfolio of shares that guarantees monthly payments in dividends, focusing on good and large companies, which are in perennial activities, under which an economy cannot fail to prosper, such as electricity, telecommunications and sanitation - that is, sectors of well-founded activity.
Considering the current scenario and the possibilities available in the market, it is interesting to take advantage of stability and predictability to set goals and plans to achieve them. To do this, it is recommended that you seek reliable specialized advice to help you on this journey.
So, how about starting your investment portfolio? 🙂
